what are the listed questions do DR. Sayer asks Dr, Ingham
Mar 11, 2025
By: raheladmasu05
2 Answers
Dr. Sayer asks Dr. Ingham: "What must it be like to be them? What are they thinking?" to which Dr. Ingham responds, "They’’re not. The virus didn’’t spare their higher faculties."
Mar 17, 2025
By: DKadewar91
Ask question. "What must it be like to be them? What are they thinking?" when discussing the patients in catatonic states, prompting Dr. Ingham to reply that they are not, as the higher faculties were not spared by the virus.
Mar 12, 2025
By: poogtuamri
why does lenny receive a double dose of L dopa
Oct 03, 2024
By: irelandschmidt
3 Answers
(L-dopa) was hailed as a miracle drug that would cure parkinsonism. Sacks’’s book Awakenings is a series of extraordinary case reports describing how patients trapped by parkinsonism were re-awakened by levodopa after decades of stupor and inertia. For patients such as Miriam H, who developed parkinsonism at the age of 12, levodopa was a miracle drug that released her from physical immobility at the age of 49..
L-dopa is usually prescribed when other anti-parkinsonism drugs are no longer effective. It’’s often combined with carbidopa, an inhibitor that prevents the peripheral metabolism of L-dopa.
Nov 09, 2024
By: Smtiranni
The prolonged use of L-dopa is the so called on-off effect, which consists of sudden unpredictable changes in movement, from normal to Parkinsonian, followed by a return to normal. These side effects due to the high doses of L-dopa administered are very prominent in the latter parts of the film.
Oct 16, 2024
By: Ajmsperi_J
What is L-Dopa
Mar 08, 2023
By: dallasshumaker26
4 Answers
L-dopa, also known as levodopa, is a drug used to treat Parkinson’’s disease. It’’s an amino acid that helps restore dopamine levels in the brain. L-dopa crosses the blood-brain barrier. L-dopa is often combined with carbidopa, which prevents the breakdown of L-dopa in the plasma.
L-DOPA is a medication widely used in the treatment of Parkinson’’s disease.. L-Dopa is a dopamine agonist, which means it’’s a medication that affects dopamine receptors, the life cycle of dopamine, or the survival of dopaminergic neurons. l-DOPA is the precursor to the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine.
Nov 26, 2024
By: PMaaxtra85
L-dopa crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted to dopamine in the brain. This stimulates dopamine receptors, which helps compensate for the depleted dopamine levels in Parkinson’’s disease.
L-Dopa, or levodopa, is a drug used to treat Parkinson’’s disease and dopamine-responsive dystonia. It’’s a precursor to dopamine, a neurotransmitter, and is considered the gold standard treatment for Parkinson’’s disease. L-Dopa is most effective in treating the bradykinetic symptoms of Parkinson’’s disease in the early stages
Does dr.sayer have any social skills (yes/no/and is this a hinderance on his medical capabilities?
Nov 22, 2022
By: kushalpreetkaursi
Dr. Sayer, despite being somewhat introverted, demonstrates empathy and dedication to his patients, but his social skills are limited, which could be a hindrance in some aspects of his medical practice. Dr. Sayer shows a deep concern for his patients and their well-being, spending considerable time with them and advocating for their needs.
Dr. Malcolm Sayer is a research-trained neurologist in the 1990 movie Awakenings. He discovers that the drug L-DOPA can help patients who have been catatonic for decades after surviving an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica. He had poor social skills, didn’’t have to have any conversations with the plants
He had poor social skills, didn’’t have to have any conversations with the plants. Sayer is caring and dedicated physician who works with catatonic patients who survived the encephalitis lethargica epidemic.
Nov 25, 2022
By: WamikaGupta
Why does Lenny receive a double dose of l-dopa
Oct 04, 2022
By: hamidabdallah900
levodopa (L-dopa) was hailed as a miracle drug that would cure parkinsonism. Leonard Lowe and the rest of the patients are awakened after decades, and have to deal with a new life in a new time. Patient Leonard Lowe seems to remain unmoved.
because it was symbolic to his life, since he was trapped inside of his body. The combination of levodopa and carbidopa is used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson’’s disease and Parkinson’’s-like symptoms.
How should we think of people in catatonic states? How do we determine whether or not they are able to register our attempts at communication? What do we owe to persons in such a state in terms of their rights to care? What if people require artificial life supports to continue living? Who decides if and how and under what circumstances to continue or not to continue providing for them?
Feb 17, 2022
By: marharyta003
People in a catatonic state may appear withdrawn or immobile, but they are conscious and have neural reflexes. If they don’’t explain it correctly or miss important points, you can re-teach the information. Patients have the right to be informed and give consent before any procedures or tests that could be threatening. Life support is a short-term treatment that helps patients recover from critical illness or sustain life until their body can function again.
Interesting I also don’’t know the answer please anyone want to help to find the answer?
How does Dr. Sayers explain neurologically what has happened to Leonard and the other patients
Sep 15, 2021
By: langles525
Dr. Sayers explains that Leonard and the other catatonic patients’’ conditions are neurological, stemming from a viral epidemic of encephalitis lethargica which caused Parkinsonism and damaged their brains, specifically their higher thinking faculties. The disease is a viral infection that damages the brain, particularly the areas responsible for higher thinking, leaving some survivors with Parkinson’’s-like symptoms and catatonic states.
Sayer in creating social relationship with other people which was deprived from him during his work with non-human subjects. The drug proves to be a success with Leonard and so the drug is administered to all the other catatonic patients at the hospital.
Dr. Sayer tests his hypothesis on Leonard Lowe, a patient who has been in a catatonic state for thirty years. The drug proves to be a success with Leonard and so the drug is administered to all the other catatonic patients at the hospital.
Sep 16, 2021
By: YadaviSane
What symptoms does Leonard have hat are puzzling
May 04, 2021
By: victoryamini1015
Leonard’’s brain is impaired in encoding new memories, meaning he can remember past events but struggles to recall what has happened since the injury that caused his condition. Leonard constantly forgets who he interacts with and what they tell him, making it impossible for him to form lasting relationships or remember simple tasks he undertakes.
Leonard’’s tics become more prominent. Leonard starts to shuffle when he walks. Leonard experiences full body spasms that make it difficult for him to move. Leonard returns to a catatonic state after a short period of awakening.
Encephalitis lethargica is a disease characterized by high fever, headache, double vision, delayed physical and mental response, and lethargy. The cause of encephalitis lethargica was never found, but studies of its victims have revealed swelling of the midbrain and basal ganglia and evidence of an autoimmune reaction to the tissue there.
list the questions he asks Dr. Ingham?
Oct 04, 2020
By: muhterchar
some ethical questions that are raised in this movie regarding treatment, are that dr. sayer doubled the dosage of l-dopa without anyone approving it when he gave it to the patients and that he gave an experimental drug to the patients with encephalitis lethargica.
Dr. Sayer: What must it be like to be them? What are they thinking? Dr. Ingham: They’re not. The virus didn’t spare the higher faculties. Dr. Sayer: We know that for a fact? Dr. Ingham: Yes. Dr. Sayer: Because….? Dr. Ingham: Because the alternative is unthinkable.
what observation did he make about the man watching TV?
In the movie "Awakenings," Dr. Malcolm Sayer, observes that Leonard Lowe, a man who had been in a catatonic state for decades, shows no visible response to the TV even when it is set to show an activity he would previously have enjoyed. Dr. Sayer notices that Leonard, despite being responsive in other ways, doesn’’t seem to notice or react to the TV being played with an activity he would have previously enjoyed.
observed that Robert De Niro’’s performance as Leonard Lowe was so convincing that he would sometimes see De Niro’’s foot curl or lean to one side.
it can be observed that the maximum number of students (i.e., 32) watched TV for 4 - 5 hours.
What is the disease that he has? Is it bacterial or viral?
Dec 23, 2018
By: vladerickson
Based on a true story told by Dr Oliver Sacks, Awakenings focuses with exquisite detail on the experiences of a few extraordinary people affected by a disease known as encephalitis lethargica, or the “sleepy sickness”.
The disease in the movie Awakenings is encephalitis lethargica, a mysterious disease that’’s neither bacterial nor viral. The cause of encephalitis lethargica is unknown.
The disease name is encephalitis. It is cause by viral infection.
Nov 13, 2019
By: VihaanVerma
What are the symptoms that you notice in Leonard during the credits?
during the credits, the character Leonard (played by Robert De Niro) displays symptoms of tremors, rigidity, and difficulty with movement, reflecting the effects of the encephalitis lethargica epidemic of the 1920s. he initially experiences slurred speech and a child-like demeanor, but his movements are still stiff and slow.
Leonard Lowe (Robert De Niro) was a studious child who had to stop going to school due to tremors in one of his hands. Leonard was in a catatonic state. Leonard described himself as a collection of tics.
The disease name is encephalitis. It is cause by viral infection. The symptoms are Epileptic seizure; Fever; Headache. He notice that most of patients are in catatonic state, respond in unusual ways to certain stimuli.
"Awakenings", Leonard’’s condition deteriorates, exhibiting full-body spasms, complete incontinence, the need for feeding, and increased agitation/crying when being shaved or bathed, marking a return to his catatonic state, as portrayed in the film. Leonard’’s physical condition worsens, and he suffers from full-body spasms and struggles to move. he becomes agitated and cries, expressing pain and distress.
The symptoms are Epileptic seizure; Fever; Headache. He notice that most of patients are in catatonic state, respond in unusual ways to certain stimuli. What are the symptoms that you notice in Leonard during the credits? The disease name is encephalitis.
May 13, 2020
By: Kevinpaul
How does he get his postion
Aug 12, 2018
By: GershawnDominique
Dr. Malcolm Sayer, despite having a research background, is hired as a clinical physician at a hospital in the Bronx due to a shortage of staff, and he takes the position because he needs a job, and research positions were hard to come by. Dr. Sayer initially struggles with the transition to clinical work, as he has difficulties relating to people and prefers research projects that do not involve human subjects.
In the movie "Awakenings," Dr. Malcolm Sayer (portrayed by Robin Williams), despite his prior research background, is assigned a clinical position at a hospital in the Bronx due to a staff shortage; he’’s essentially "thrown into the deep end" to work with patients, not in a research capacity. Dr. Sayer originally seeks a research position, which aligns with his prior experience, not a clinical one.
Sayer uses a drug designed to treat Parkinson’’s Disease to awaken catatonic patients in a Bronx hospital. The drug and experiments shown in the movie are actually real, despite Awakenings being a fictional story. Sayer standing over the once again-catatonic Leonard behind a Ouija board, with his hands on Leonard’’s hands which man the Planchette.
He was not ideal for job. he has difficulties relating to people. That’’s why he has focused on research projects not involving human subjects. Some times hospital hires him somewhat out of desperation in not finding anyone. Most of his patients are in a semi-catatonic state. He research on them. he finds that some common bonds between these patients are that they suffered from encephalitis.
What was the common diagnosis Dr. Sayer found in all of the catatonic patients at the hospital?
Mar 22, 2018
By: dianag0611
Dr. Sayer discovered that all the catatonic patients he was treating had a history of encephalitis lethargica, a viral epidemic that left some survivors with Parkinson’’s-like symptoms. Dr. Sayer, played by Robin Williams, notices that some of the patients, despite their generally catatonic state, respond in unusual ways to certain stimuli.
Dr. Malcolm Sayer diagnosed all of the catatonic patients at the hospital with a Parkinson’’s-like condition caused by encephalitis lethargica. Dr. Sayer discovers that the drug L-dopa, originally used to treat Parkinson’’s disease, can help revive his patients. Dr. Sayer is obliged to familiarise himself with the case reports.
Sayer discovers that certain stimuli reach beyond the patients’’ respective catatonic states. He common diagnosis the patients by Activities such as catching a ball, hearing familiar music, and experiencing human touch all have unique effects on particular patients and offer a glimpse into their worlds. Sayer believes the drug may offer a breakthrough for his own group of patients.
what symptoms does leonard show that proves the drug is not working?
Oct 03, 2017
By: hpdhpd
In "Awakenings," as the L-dopa treatment’’s effects wane, Leonard experiences a decline in his ability to function, marked by increasing full-body spasms, difficulty moving, and eventually returning to a catatonic state. He experiences uncontrollable spasms, making it difficult to move or perform basic functions. He becomes agitated and cries out in pain during routine care like shaving and bathing.
Leonard Lowe (Robert De Niro) shows that the drug L-dopa is not working when he experiences. Leonard’’s tics become more prominent. Leonard shuffles more when he walks. Leonard experiences full body spasms and has difficulty moving.
Sayer observe the uncontrol condition Leonard. he grows more agitated while battling administrators and staff about his perceived confinement, a number of facial and body tics are starting to manifest that Leonard has difficulty controlling. It shows drug not working on leonard.
According to leonard during his speech to the patients what is the problem?
In "Awakenings," Dr. Sayer explains to the patients that they are dealing with the lingering effects of encephalitis lethargica, a disease that has left them in a catatonic state, and the challenges with the experimental L-dopa treatment is that the "awakening" caused by it is temporary, and the patients eventually relapse. movie explores the challenges of managing the medication and the temporary nature of the "awakening". The drug also has severe side effects and some patients were unable to .
Leonard Lowe expresses his frustration with the lack of freedom he experiences due to his condition. He feels trapped in the hospital and unable to live his life as he intended. He asks for permission to walk outside without supervision, but the hospital refuses.
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Leonard’s needs are only met at the first level. Then, when Dr. Sayer comes onto the scene with the L-Dopa drug, a cure for Parkinson’s disease, he succeeds in awakening the post-encephalitis patients from their coma state.
what was so important that leonard went before the board to ask for it ?
In "Awakenings," Dr. Sayer sought board approval to use the drug L-DOPA, after a trial run with patient Leonard Lowe demonstrated its potential to "awaken" catatonic patients from their unresponsive state, hoping to improve their lives and remind them of their humanity. The movie underscores the profound significance of this "awakening" as it demonstrates the patients’’ ability to regain consciousness, interact, and reconnect with life and humanity.
Leonard asks hospital officials to continue his treatment because he wants to demonstrate that the human spirit is more powerful than any drug. Leonard asks for continued treatment by saying he would do all the things that others take for granted in their lives. Dr. Sayer reflects on Leonard’’s words and learns that the human spirit is more powerful than any drug.
The drug proves to be a success with Leonard and so the drug is administered to all the other catatonic patients at the hospital. The movie follows Leonard through the stages of his rebirth.
how was dr sayer able to convince the donors to give more money?
Dr. Sayer, inspired by the success of L-DOPA on Leonard, a catatonic patient, convinced donors to fund further research and treatment by demonstrating the potential for "awakening" and a renewed appreciation for life in his patients. After attending a lecture on L-DOPA’’s success in treating Parkinson’’s disease, Dr. Sayer believed it could offer a similar breakthrough for his catatonic patients.
In the movie "Awakenings," Dr. Malcolm Sayer convinces the donors to provide more funding by highlighting the success of his initial L-DOPA treatment with Leonard, a catatonic patient, which resulted in a remarkable "awakening" and showcased the potential for other catatonic patients to regain awareness. Dr. Sayer attends a conference and learns about the success of L-DOPA (a drug used to treat Parkinson’’s disease) and believes it could work for his catatonic patients.
Dr. Malcolm Sayer (Robin Williams) convinces his boss to administer an experimental drug therapy to one of his patients by observing that some of his patients respond in unusual ways to stimuli.
By: gulpkhan96
Leonard completely "awakens" from his catatonic state. This success inspires Sayer to ask for funding from donors so that all the catatonic patients can receive the L-Dopa medication and gain "awakenings" to reality and the present.