This book is the better half of the famous Sapiens book. It talks about the formation of chiefdoms, societies, and so on. Separately, transcontinental dietary patterns and societal segregation based on linguistic pathways, and . a final remark on inequality between poor and rich countries. It opens horizons and should be read in conjunction with Sapiens. It tells us how weapon germs and steel have played a role in the formation of new empires as well as in the decline of empires since modern times.