Mountaineering is such a sports in which spectators have not any opportunity to enjoy staying in the field. It is an adventurous sports We only can see the performance of the mountaineers in Video Photography of the expedition if it is available. Trekking in high altitude, walk in soft snow and open routes in the soft snow where in many places death trap is hidden Fixed ropes in cravers , Crampons are necessary to walk in the hard ice.Since rock faces are not easily accessible due to distance for that artificial climbing is necessary. For technical climbing manila rope, rock piton, ice piton , carabenar are necessary. Other than these, artificial oxygen should be carried for high altitude.
In mountaineering Expedition Carabener, Jumar, Pulley, Rope, Head lamp, Snow goggle, Rucksack, Gaiter, Ice Axe, Sleeping Bang , tent, Climbing Shoe, Snow Boot etc are very much essential.
Actually the British had popularised this sport in India. There are range of snow mountains in India, Nepal and Pakistan. Beginning of last century Irvin and Mallory came India for Everest Expedition. In mid 70 Chinese Mountaineer found their body near the yellow band of Mount Everest. Frank Smythe , Bill Tilman, Eric Shipton came to India to explore Himalaya region.
Eric Shipton and Bill Tillman open the routes of Nanda Devi sanctuary.
Major Nandu Jayal is the founder Principal of Himalayan Mountaineering Institute. He died in Chou oue expedition in fifties. First successful Indian Expedition to Mt.Everest was in 1965 under the leadership of Kohli. That expedition is famous for sumitt of 9 members.That was Nowang Gombu’s 2nd time summit. First time Nowang Gombu was member of a foreign expedition and climbed Mt.Everest.
Mejor Harsh Bahuguna was member of International Mt.Everest Expedition and died in North Col. His younger brother Joy Bahuguna also died in Mt.Everest Expedition of Indian army
In 1953 Tenzing Norgay and Sir Hilary climbed Mount Everest and started a new era in this sports.
Reinhold Messner is the first mountaineer who climbed Mt.Everest without use of artificial oxygen and this great mountainer climbed all the peaks which are more than 8000 meters.